UPNAYANA SAMSKARAM
Though we have born from mother’s garbha,
this is the second birth to have dwijatwam.
This samskara is to be done before completion of 7th year
i.e.(normally it is stated as ashtavarsheth i.e. 8th year hear we
have to take into calculation of period in the mother womb also)
Best period to perform this samskaram is
vasanta rutu, magha, phalgunam, pushya and jyesta masas. If the boy is of 1st issue then
jyeshta is not good. Gurubalam should be in favour. Jupiter is head for rig
veda, sukra for yajurveda, angaraka for sama veda and mercury for Atharvana
veda. According to veda, the head of
veda should bestow best aspects from lagna to 4, 7 and 10th houses.
During Maudyam period this samskaram should not be performed.
This samskaram should also not to be
performed on anadhyana days Padyami, ashtami, chathurdasi, purnami and
amavaasya, chaviti, saptami, navami, ekadasi and thrayodasi days.
This samskaram should be performed before attaining the age of 16 maximum. Beyond this age, this samskara will not give
fruitful results.
Upanayana means to take the person nearly
i.e. to take the person to Guru to bestow bramha gyana. That is why after this
samskara, the asrama is called bramhacharya ashrama. i.e. bramha means veda and paramatma, charya
implies way of adoption i.e. learning the vedas ashis life goal and
understanding the parabramha tatwa.
The first part of the upanayana samskara is
adorning with sacred thread called yagyopaveetam. The sacred thread should be woven by
vedadhyana bramhana, sumangali or kanya or widow who follows the achara. This should be worn from left shoulder to
navel.
The boy will be offered with dandam made of
palasa, ravi or atti tree, agina i.e. small piece of stag skin and mounji a
rope woven with dharba to wear on navel.
He should compulsorily wear koupina. For gayatri maha mantra upadesa
father along with mother, guru will do collectively. On the day of upanayana the vatu should
obtain bhiksha from his mother first then mothers sisters and fathers sisters
will offer.
First three days he has to obtain ama (rice
biksha) from fourth day he has to obtain anna bhiksha only till complete of
gurukula vaasa. The households should
not threaten the vatu. He should obtain
only to his requirement only and he should show it to his guru and
consume. He should not obtain the
bhiksha in the guru house or from his relatives house or vatus relatives
house. This will bestow patience and
perseverence and avoid ahankara.
From the afternoon of upanayana day he has
to start performing sandhyavandana through out his life. From next day he has to start doing bramha
yagyan He has also do samida danam i.e
offering samit to agni both in morning and evening without fail.
During this time his lineage will be
introduced i.e. pravara, sutra which he belong and to follow and his name
initiated in the namakarana samskara. In
total the pravara contain the rishi lineage to whch he belongs, the sutra which
he follows and with name followed with abhivadaye. Whenever he meets with elders he has to close
his both ears bow down from hip level and the chanting should be heard to the
person whom he offers his namaskaram.
The important aspects of upanayana:
1 If the mother of the boy is pregnant with
more than 5 months this samskaara should not be done until delivery.
2. If mother is out of door during this
period also not to be done.
3 If
father is not alive, grand father, elder brother or brother’s of father can do
bramhopadesam.
4.If mother is not alive then father is not
competent to offer bramhopadesa.
5. At no time, brothers should be offered
bramhopadesa except in case of twins by birth.
6.
If the children born to first and second wife, then the vedi and nandi
performer should be separate.
7. impotant, blind, deaf, invalid and those
who do not effectively speak in those cases the father should repeat the mantra
on behalf of them but the samskara should not be avoided to them.
8. If anyone wanted to have sweekara of
child that should be done before the upanayana samskara.
VEDADHYANAM: vedadhyana for the vatu starts from the
upakarma day only. On that day he has to
offer puja to veda vyasa, kanda rushies then tarpana to them and after that vedadhyana
to be started from guru. From that day
upto uttarayana punyakala he has to learn the vedas and during the dakshinayana
punyakala period he has to make abhyasa i.e. remembering what guru taught. No
new lessons duirng this period.
Those follow rig veda will perform upa
karma on sravana nakshatra day, Sama
vedies on hasta nakshatra day, krishna yajurvedies will do on pournami thithi
on morning time in sranavana masa. Sukla
yajurvedies will perform on sravana pournami day. During this day the upanayana boy should
replace the upaveetam, mekhala, ajina and dandam.
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